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Prof. Dr., Sağlık Bakanlığı Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi The incidence of open globe injuries is less than that of closed globe injuries but the majority of serious injuries are penetrating and perforating injuries. The prognosis in this group of trauma is poor but better results may be obtained with vitreoretinal surgical techniques. Open globe injury is a serious cause of ocular morbidity in young population. Vitreoretinal surgery may play an important role in the treatment of these cases in a wide spectrum of time that starts from the primary wound repair to the late complications of the trauma. Vitreoretinal surgery in penetrating and perforating ocular injuries are diff icult cases as there may be a variety of serious surgical indications together like hemorrhage, retinal detachment, retina and vitreous incarceration, damaged lens, infl ammation and proliferative vitreoretinopathy which may be accompanied with poor visualization during the operation. As all the trauma cases are diff erent in nature, the specific aspects and characteristics of each case must be evaluated in detail and a versatile vitreoretinal surgical strategy must be planned in a step by step manner to be applied with an appropriate timing which also needs the intraoperative creativity of the surgeon. Keywords : Ocular penetrating injury, ocular perforating injury, retinal detachment, vitreoretinal surgery