Materials and Methods: Eyes receiving DEX implant treatment for refractory macular edema due to RVO were retrospectively evaluated. In this study, 28 eyes of 28 patients were included, and 12 eyes were previously vitrectomized. The vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized groups were compared at months 0, 1, and 3 in terms of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and intraocular pressure (IOP).

Results: The BCVA and CMT improved significantly in both groups at month 1 and month 3 compared with the baseline. IOP increase (>20 mmHg) developed in two eyes in the vitrectomized group and in three eyes in the nonvitrectomized group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of IOP, CMT, or BCVA in any of the time points.

Conclusion: In the treatment of refractory macular edema caused by RVO, a single dose of dexamethasone implant leads to comparable anatomical and functional outcomes in both vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized eyes. Keywords : Dexamethasone, Vitrectomy, Retinal Vein Occlusion, Macular Edema, Intraocular Pressure