Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 24 eyes from 24 patients (15 males, 9 females). We assessed preoperative SMH duration, thickness, and area, along with the hemorrhage displacement ratio total or subtotal subretinal hemorrhage within 1500 ?m centered on the fovea post-vitrectomy. At the 12-month visit BCVA, lens status, preoperative intravitreal anti-VEGF injection count, and concurrent medical conditions were also documented.

Results: The patients had a mean age of 73.3 ± 8.2 years. The average BCVA significantly improved from a baseline logMAR of 2.0 ± 0.4 to logMAR 1.3 ± 0.6 at 12-month visit (p<0.001). Throughout follow-up, both SMH area and thickness showed statistically significant decreases (p<0.001). In the total displacement group, baseline BCVA was better, and values were maintained or even improved during follow-up. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between BCVA at the 12-month visit, baseline BCVA, and SMH duration. (p=0.009, p=0.008)

Conclusıon: Vitrectomy, submacular tPA, anti-VEGF injection, and SF6 tamponade are safe and effective procedures in patients with nAMD secondary to SMH. The timing of surgery and the initial level of BCVA are the most critical factors determining the 12-month visit BCVA outcome. Keywords : Submacular hemorrhage, tissue plasminogen activator, age-related macular degeneration, anti-VEGF