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SSK Ankara Hastanesi 2.Göz Kliniği To determine the role of vitreoretinal surgery, by releasing anterior traction in eyes with chronic hypotony we operated on 12 eyes of 12 consecutive patients with previous vitreoretinal surgeries for retinal detachment and severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy. These eyes had developed chronic hypotony and anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy. After a minimum of four months of postoperative follow-up (mean, 18 months) mean intraocular pressure had increased significantly after surgery from 6.8 to 8.75 mmHg (p<0.05) and eight (66%) of the 12 eyes had a final intraocular pressure greater than 7 mmHg. In 10 (83%) of the 12 eyes, visual acuity improved or remained the same. Factors associated with higher postoperative intraocular pressure included hypotony of less than three months' duration and extent of preoperative anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy of less than 90 degrees (P=0.02). Keywords : Anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy, Chronic hypotony, Vitreoretinal surgery, Retinal Detachment