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Hacettepe Üni. Tıp Fak. Göz Hast. ABD. Retina is a highly specialized tissue that converts the visual stimuli coming as light energy to meaningful electrical signals reaching the brain. Many studies concernming the mechanisms of action of the retina had been done and a considerable amount of knowledge had been collected on the subject. Still, many questions about the physiology of the retina have not been answered. In this paper current knowledge about cellular layers of the retina, cells present in these layers and their mechanisms of action, intercellular synaptic zones, photochemistry of vision, light-dark adaptation, color vision, electrical transmission rnechanisms, neurotransmitter agents and receptive fields have been collected. Keywords : Retina, photoreceptors, retina pigment epithelium, electrotonic transmission, receptive fields