Case Report: Thirty-one years old male patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy, foreign body removal, Dk-line, silicone oil (Oxane 1300), and endophotocoagulation surgery after perforation repair because of shotgun injury. After surgery, the retina was flat but after 3 months of follow up period an epiretinal membrane formation was obseved and silicone oil leaked into anterior chamber. After removal of silicone oil and peeling of epiretinal membrane, it was seen that ILM was thickened. Fluid-air exchange, ILM peeling with indocyanine green staining and injection of intravitreal sulfur hexafluoride gas (0.7 cc) was performed. The excised membrane was examined histopathologically. This tissue was compared with another ILM tissue that was not in contact with silicone oil. It was seen that there was a lot of silicone vacuoles and cellular degenaration in ILM tissue which was in contact with silicone oil.

Conclusion: Long term contact of silicone oil with intraocular tissues may produce silicone vacuoles in front and behind of ILM. This event may result in contact between retinal neural layers and silicone vacuoles. Keywords : Silicon oil, internal limiting membrane