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S.B. Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi 2. Göz Kliniği, Ankara, Doç. Dr. Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) has an increasing role in treatment of many posterior segment diseases. The crystaloid particles of TA has also been useful in vitreoretinal surgery intraoperatively in visualization of vitreous, posterior hyaloid, internal limiting membrane, epiretinal membranes and residual posterior cortical vitreous. The size of spaces between the fibrils of cortical vitreous is suitable to trap the TA particles which enables the tissues in vitreoretinal junction to be stained. The popularity of intraoperative use of TA amongst the vitreoretinal surgeons is increasing as the procedure is simple, cheap, efficient, doesn’t need a special preparation procedure and as the particles are removed at the end of the surgery the complication rate is very low. The difficult manipulations in certain steps of the vitreoretinal surgery such as detachment of posterior hyaloid and peeling of internal limiting membrane is easier with the use of TA thus increasing the anatomical success rate and decreasing the complication rate. This advantage of TA is also useful in teaching the inexperienced vitreoretinal surgeons. In this text the indications, techniques, advantages, disadvantages and complications intraoperative use of TA in vitreoretinal surgery are discussed. Keywords : vitreoretinal surgery, triamcinolone acetonide, internal limiting membrane