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¹Atatürk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları AD, Erzurum
²Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları AD, Ankara Purpose: In this study, we aimed to determine the anterior/ and/or posterior chamber findings and the incidence of diagnostic systemic involvements in Behçet's disease patient's with ocular involvement.
Materials and Methods: Between 1994 and 2002, 133 eyes of 69 patients with Behçet's disease fulfilling the criteria of International Study Group for Behçet's disease were involved in the study retrospectively. Age and sex of the patients, age of onset, disease activity and frequency of attacks, treatments and complications were evaluated. Presence of oral aphthosis, genital ulceration, erythema nodosum, papulopustular lesions, arthralgia-arthritis, thrombophlebitis, neurologic, vascular and gastrointestinal system involvements, pathergy test and familial predisposition were recorded.
Results: Fifty five of the cases were male (73.91%), 18 were female (26.09%). The mean age was 34.19±9.96 (15-51) years, the mean disease period was 5.46±5.25 (1-24) years. The systemic findings of Behçet's patients with ocular involvement were: oral aphthosis in 100%, genital ulceration in 66.66%, skin lesions in 65.21%, (+) pathergy test in 42.02%, arthralgia-arthritis in 30.43%, thrombophlebitis in 15.94%, central nervous system involvement in 7.24, gastrointestinal system involvement in 5.79% and epididymitis in 4.34%. In one case, maternal family history was present.
At the onset of the follow-up, panuveitis, anterior and posterior uveitis were determined in 82 (61.65%), 26 (29.56%) and25 (18.76%) out of 133 eyes, respectively. Cataract, the most common anterior chamber complication, was found in 45.86% of the cases. Hubeosis iridis was determined in 2 (1.50%) eyes. By time, rubeosis lentis developed in one of them. Phythisis bulbi due to hypotonisity was observed in 2 (1.50%) eyes, antiglaucomatous therapy was applied to 17 eyes of 12 (12.78%) patients. Optic atrophy was found in 43 (32.33%) cases. Maculopathy, vitreus hemorrhage and vitreus condensation was 30.82%, 6.01% and 16.45%, respectively.
Conclusion: Behçet's disease may occur as a mixture of various systemic involvements. As a result, we think that all systemic findings should be evaluated together for exact diagnosis. Keywords : Behçet's disease, systemic involvement